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Aluminium Alloy Characteristics

Aluminium is a popular engineering material of choice for many applications because of the following reasons:

  •  Light
  •  Strong
  •  High Strength-to-Weight Ratio
  •  Resilient
  •  Ductile at Low Temperatures
  •  Corrosion Resistant
  •  Non-Toxic
  •  Heat Conducting
  •  Reflective
  •  Electrically Conducting
  •  Non-Magnetic
  •  Non-Sparking
  •  Non-Combustible

Aluminium Alloy Chemical Composition – (British Standard BS1490:1988)

Alloy Type Si % Fe % Cu % Mn % Mg % Zn % Pb % Sn % Ni % Ti % Additional Elements Others Each : Total
LM0 0.3 0.4 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.03 – Al 99.5 Min – : –
LM2 9.0 – 11.5 1.0 0.7 – 2.5 0.5 0.3 2.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 – – : 0.5
LM4 4.0 – 6.0 0.8 2.0 – 4.0 0.2 – 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM5 0.3 0.6 0. 0.3 – 0.7 3.0 – 6.0 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM6 10.0 – 13.0 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM9 10.0 – 13.0 0.6 0.2 0.3 – 0.7 0.2 – 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM12 2.5 1.0 9.0 – 11.0 0.60 0.2 – 0.4 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM13 10.0 – 13.0 1.0 0.7 – 1.5 0.5 0.8 – 1.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM16 4.5 – 5.5 0.6 1.0 – 1.5 0.5 0.4 – 0.6 0. 0.1 0.05 0.25 0.2# – 0.05 : 0.15
LM20 10.0 – 13.0 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.20/Td>
LM21 5.0 – 7.0 1.0 3.0 – 5.0 0.2 – 0.6 0.1 – 0.3 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM22 4.0 – 6.0 0.6 2.8 – 3.8 0.2 – 0.6 0.05 0.15 0.1 0.05 0.15 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM24 7.5 – 9.5 1.3 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.3 3.0 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 – – : 0.50
LM25 6.5 – 7.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 – 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.2# – 0.05 : 0.15
LM26 8.5 – 10.5 1.2 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.5 – 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15/Td>
LM27 6.0 – 8.0 0.8 1.5 – 2.5 0.2 – 0.6 0.35 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 – 0.05 : 0.15
LM28* 17.0 – 20.0 0.7 1.3 – 1.8 0.6 0.8 – 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 – 1.5 0.2 Cr 0.6, Co 0.5 0.10 : 0.30
LM29* 22.0 – 25.0 0.7 0.8 – 1.3 0.6 0.8 – 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 – 1.3 0.2 Cr 0.6, Co 0.5 0.10 : 0.30
LM30 16.0 – 18.0 1.1 4.0 – 5.0 0.3 0.4 – 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 – 0.10 : 0.30
LM31+ 0.25 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.5 – 0.75 4.8 – 5.7 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.25# Cr 0.4 – 0.6 0.05 : 0.15
ALSI – 62 5.5 – 7.0 0.4 1.8 – 2.5 0.2 – 0.6 0.3 – 0.7 – – – – 0.2 – BAL
ALSI – 132 11.0 – 12.5 1.0 1.75 – 2.5 0.5 0.3 1.4 0.1 – 0.3 0.1 – BAL
Notes:

1. Single figures in this table are the maximum value

2. To determine whether a composition found by analysis conforms to the requirements of the specification, the analytical figure should be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in the corresponding limits in the table (according to BS 1957)

3. In cases where alloys are required in the modified condition, the level of any modifying element present is not limited by the specified maximum value for other elements

# 0.05% minimum if Titanium alone is used for grain refining

* LM28 and LM29 are also subject to metallographic structure requirements

+ LM31 castings in the M condition have to be naturally aged for 3 weeks before use or before determination of mechanical properties

Aluminium Alloy Chemical Composition (Indian Standard IS 617:1994)

Alloy Designation Si % Fe % Cu % Mn % Mg % Zn % Ni % Ti % Pb % Sn % Cr % Al % Other Elements Others Total
1900 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.05 0.1 0.1 – 0.05 0.05 – 99.0 Min – –
1950 0.3 0.4 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.03 – 0.03 0.03 – 99.5 Min – –
2280 0.25 0.25 4.0 – 5.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 – 0.3 0.05 0.05 – Remainder – –
2285 2) 0.7 0.7 3.5 – 4.5 0.6 1.2 – 1.8 0.1 1.7 – 2.3 0.2 0.05 0.05 – Remainder – –
2550 2.5 1.0 9.0 – 11.0 0.6 0.2 – 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 – Remainder – –
4223 4.0 – 6.0 0.8 2.0 – 4.0 0.2 – 0.6 0.15 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 – Remainder – –
4223A 4.0 – 6.0 0.6 2.8 – 3.8 0.2 – 0.6 0.05 40.15 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.05 – Remainder – –
4225 4.5 – 6.0 0.8 1.0 – 1.5 0.5 0.3 – 6.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 3) 0.2 0.1 – Remainder – –
4300 4.5 – 6.0 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.05 – Remainder – –
4323 5.0 – 7.0 1.0 3.0 – 5.0 0.2 – 0.6 0.1 – 0.3 2.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 – Remainder – –
4420 7.5 – 9.5 1.3 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 – Remainder – –
4420 A 7.5 –9.5 1 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.1 2.9 0.5 – – – – – – 0.35 – Remainder – 0.50**
4423 6.0 – 8.0 0.8 1.5 – 2.5 0.2 – 0.6 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 – Remainder – –
4450 6.5 – 7.5 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.20 – 0.45 0.1 0.1 0.2 3) 0.1 0.05 – Remainder – –
4520 9.0 – 11.5 1.0 0.7 – 2.5 0.5 0.3 2.0 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 – Remainder – –
4520 A 9.6 – 12.0 1.0 1.5 – 3.5 0.5 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 Remainder 0.3 –
4525 8.5 – 10.5 1.2 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.5 – 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 – Remainder – –
4525 A 8.0 –11.0 1.3 2.0 – 4.0 0.55 0.1 – 0.5 1.2 1 0.25* 0.35* 0.25 – Remainder 0.05 0.25
4528 8.5 – 9.5 0.4 – 0.6 1.75 – 2.5 0.8 0.15 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 – Remainder – –
4600 10.0 – 13.0 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.05 – Remainder – –
4600A 10.0 – 13.0 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 – Remainder – –
4628 11.0 – 12.5 0.7 – 1.1 1.75 – 2.5 0.5 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.05 0.1 – Remainder – –
4635 10.0 – 13.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 – 0.7 0.2 – 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.05 – Remainder – –
4652 10.0 – 12.0 1.0 0.7 – 1.5 0.5 0.8 – 1.5 0.5 0.7 – 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 – Remainder – –
5230 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.3 – 0.7 3.0 – 6.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.05 0.05 – Remainder – –
5500 0.25 0.4 0.1 0.1 9.5 – 11.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.05 0.05 – Remainder – –
Notes:

1. Designations shall be as given in IS 6051

2. Chromium content in this alloy shall not exceed 2 percent

3. If present, titanium content shall be less than 0.05 percent

4. Other impurities do not preclude the possible presence of other unnamed elements. However analysis shall regularly be made only for the impurities listed in the table. The major element (Aluminium) shall be determined by difference between the sum of total elements analysed (& permitted within maximum limits) and 100 percent. By agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, analysis may be required and limits established for elements not specified

‘*’ If required by the purchaser only and in such case, the limits shall be as per the agreement between purchaser and the supplier and the maximum limits shall be as specified in the table

‘**’ Sum of all other elements each having value of 0.010% or more.’

Aluminium Alloy Chemical Composition – (Japanese Standard JIS H 5302:2006)

Alloy Type Si % Fe % Cu % Mn % Mg % Zn % Ni % Ti % Pb % Sn % Cr % Al
ADC1 11.0 – 13.0 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 – BAL
ADC3 9.0 – 10.0 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.4 – 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.15 0.1 – BAL
ADC5 0.3 1.8 0.2 0.3 4.1 – 8.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 – BAL
ADC6 1.0 0.8 0.1 0.4 – 0.6 2.6 – 4.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 – BAL
ADC10 7.5 – 9.5 1.3 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 – BAL
ADC12 9.6 – 12.0 1.3 1.5 – 3.5 0.5 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 – BAL
ADC12Z 9.6 – 12.0 1.3 1.5 – 3.5 0.5 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 – BAL
ADC14 16.0 – 18.0 1.3 4.0 – 5.0 0.5 0.5 – 0.65 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 – BAL
AC1A 1.2 0.5 4.0 – 5.0 0.3 0.15 0.3 0.05 0.25 0.05 0.05 0.05 BAL
AC1B 0.03 0.35 4.2 – 5.0 0.1 0.15 – 0.35 0.1 0.05 0.05 – 0.3 0.05 0.05 0.05 BAL
AC2A 4.0 – 6.0 0.8 3.0 – 4.5 0.55 0.25 0.55 0.3 0.2 0.15 0.05 0.15 BAL
AC2B 5.0 – 7.0 1.0 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 BAL
AC3A 10.0 – 13.0 0.8 0.25 0.35 0.15 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.15 BAL
AC4A 8.0 – 10.0 0.55 0.25 0.3 – 0.6 0.3 – 0.6 0.25 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.15 BAL
AC4B 7.0 – 10.0 1.0 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 BAL
AC4C 6.5 – 7.5 0.55 0.25 0.35 0.25 – 0.45 0.35 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.55 0.1 BAL
AC4CH 6.5 – 7.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 – 0.4 0.1 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.05 0.05 BAL
AC4D 4.5 – 5.5 0.6 1.0 – 1.5 0.5 0.4 – 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.15 BAL
AC5A 0.6 0.8 3.5 – 4.5 0.35 1.2 – 1.8 0.15 1.7 – 2.3 0.2 0.05 0.05 0.15 BAL
AC7A 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.6 3.5 – 5.5 0.15 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.05 0.15 BAL
AC7B 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 9.5 – 11.0 0.1 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.05 0.15 BAL
AC8A 11.00 – 13.0 0.8 0.8 – 1.3 0.15 0.7 – 1.3 0.15 0.8 – 1.5 0.2 0.05 0.05 0.1 BAL
AC8B 8.5 – 10 – 5 1.0 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.5 – 1.5 0.5 0.10 – 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 BAL
AC8C 8.5 – 10.5 1.0 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.5 – 1.6 0.5 0.50 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 BAL
AC9A 22.0 – 24.0 0.8 0.5 – 1.5 0.5 0.5 – 1.7 0.2 0.50 – 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 BAL
AC9B 18.2 0.8 0.5 – 1.6 0.5 0.5 – 1.8 0.2 0.50 – 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 BAL

Aluminium Alloy Chemical Composition – (US Standard)

ANSI UNS Si % Fe % Cu % Mn % Mg % Zn % Ni % Ti % Pb % Al %
201.2 A02012 0.1 0.1 4.0 – 5.2 0.2 – 0.5 0.2 – 0.55 – – – – BAL
204.2 A02042 0.15 0.1 – 0.2 4.2 – 4.9 0.05 0.2 – 0.35 0.05 0.03 0.15 – 0.35 – BAL
208.1 A020B1 2.5 – 3.5 0.9 3.5 – 4.5 0.5 0.1 1.0 0.35 0.15 – 0.25 – BAL
208.2 A020B2 2.5 – 3.5 0.8 3.5 – 4.6 0.3 0.03 0.2 – 0.25 – BAL
222.1 A02221 2.0 1.2 9.2 – 10.7 0.5 0.2 – 0.35 0.8 0.5 0.2 – BAL
241.1 A02421 0.7 0.8 3.5 – 4.5 0.35 1.3 – 1.8 0.35 1.7 – 2.3 0.25 0.25 BAL
242.2 A02422 0.6 0.6 3.5 – 4.5 0.1 1.3 – 1.8 0.1 1.7 – 2.3 0.25 – BAL
A242.1 A12421 0.6 0.6 3.7 – 4.5 0.1 1.3 – 1.7 0.1 1.8 – 2.3 0.2 0.15 – 0.25 BAL
A242.2 A12422 0.35 0.6 3.7 – 4.6 0.1 1.3 – 1.7 0.1 1.8 – 2.3 0.07 – 0.2 0.15 – 0.25 BAL
295.1 A02951 0.7 – 1.5 0.8 4.0 – 5.0 0.35 0.03 0.35 – 0.07 – 0.2 – BAL
295.2 A02952 0.7 – 1.2 0.8 4.0 – 5.0 0.3 0.03 0.3 – 0.25 – BAL
296.1 – 2.0 – 3.0 0.9 4.0 – 5.0 0.35 0.05 0.5 0.35 0.2 – BAL
296.2 – 2.0 – 3.0 0.8 4.0 – 5.0 0.3 0.03 0.3 – 0.25 – BAL
308.1 A03081 5.6 – 6.0 0.8 4.0 – 5.0 0.5 0.1 1.0 – 0.2 – BAL
308.2 A03082 5.0 – 6.0 0.8 4.0 – 5.0 0.3 0.1 0.5 – 0.25 – BAL
319.1 A03191 5.5 – 6.5 0.8 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.1 1.0 0.35 0.2 – BAL
319.2 A03192 5.5 – 6.5 0.6 3.0 – 4.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.25 – BAL
328.1 A03281 7.5 – 8.5 0.8 1.0 – 2.0 0.2 – 0.6 0.25 – 0.6 1.5 0.25 0.2 0.25 BAL
332.1 A03321 8.5 – 10.5 0.9 2.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.6 – 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.25 – BAL
332.2 A03322 8.5 – 10.0 0.6 2.0 – 4.0 0.1 0.9 – 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.25 – BAL
333.1 A03331 8.0 – 10.0 0.8 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.1 – 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.2 – BAL
336.1 A03361 11.0 – 13.0 0.9 0.5 – 1.5 0.35 0.8 – 1.3 0.35 2.0 – 3.0 0.25 – BAL
336.2 A03362 11.0 – 13.0 0.9 0.5 – 1.5 0.1 0.9 – 1.3 0.1 2.0 – 3.0 – – BAL
354.1 A03541 8.6 – 9.4 0.15 1.6 – 2.0 0.1 0.45 – 0.6 0.1 – 0.2 – BAL
355.1 A03551 4.5 – 5.5 0.5 1.0 – 1.5 0.5 0.45 – 0.6 0.35 – 0.25 0.25 BAL
355.2 A03552 4.5 – 5.5 0.14 – 0.25 1.0 – 1.5 0.05 0.5 – 0.6 0.05 – 0.2 – BAL
C355.2 A33552 4.5 – 5.5 0.13 1.0 – 1.5 0.05 0.5 – 0.6 0.05 – 0.2 – BAL
356.1 A03561 6.5 – 7.5 0.5 0.25 0.35 0.25 – 0.45 0.35 – 0.2 – BAL
356.2 A03562 6.5 – 7.5 0.13 – 0.25 0.1 0.05 0.3 – 0.45 0.05 – 0.25 – BAL
357.1 A03571 6.5 – 7.5 0.12 0.05 0.03 0.45 – 0.6 0.05 – 0.2 – BAL
A357.2 A13570 6.5 – 7.5 0.12 0.1 0.05 0.45 – 0.7 0.05 – 0.04 – 0.2 – BAL
359.2 A03592 8.5 – 9.5 0.12 0.1 0.1 0.55 – 0.7 0.1 – 0.2 – BAL
360.2 A03602 9.0 – 10 0.7 – 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.45 – 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.15 – BAL
A360 A0360 9.0 – 10 1.3 0.6 0.35 0.4 – 0.6 0.5 0.5 – – BAL
A360.1 A13601 9.0 – 10 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.45 – 0.6 0.4 – – – BAL
A360.2 A13602 9.0 – 10 0.6 0.1 0.05 0.45 – 0.6 0.05 – – – BAL
380.2 A03802 7.5 – 9.5 0.7 – 1.1 3.0 – 4.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 – BAL
A380 A0380 7.5 – 9.5 1.3 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.5 – BAL
A380.1 A13801 7.5 – 9.5 1.0 3.0 – 4.0 0.5 0.1 2.9 0.5 – – BAL
A380.2 A03602 7.5 – 9.5 0.6 3.0 – 4.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 – BAL
A383 A0383 9.5 – 11.5 1.3 2.0 – 3.0 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 – – BAL

General Uses Of Aluminium Alloys

  •  LM 0 Sand Castings for Electrical, Chemical, and Food Applications
  •  LM 2 Widely used Alloy for all Types of Die Castings
  •  LM 4 The most versatile Alloy with very good casting characteristics. UTS can be greatly increased after heat treatment
  •  LM 5 Castings required maximum resistance to corrosion such as marine components can be cast in such and chill
  •  LM 6 Very suitable for large intricate thin-walled castings in all types of moulds
  •  LM 9 Common to L.M.6 characteristics but higher U.T.S. after heat treatment
  •  LM 10 Suitable for sand and chill castings with high strength and shock resistance requires special foundry technique; heat treated
  •  LM 11 Suitable for die and centrifugal castings
  •  LM 12 Mainly used where a very good machined surface finished and hardness is required
  •  LM 13 Used in piston castings
  •  LM 16 Castings requiring high mechanical properties can be cast in sand or chill process
  •  LM 18 High resistance to corrosion with good foundry characteristics
  •  LM 22 Used for chill castings requiring good foundry characteristics and ductility. Requires heat treatment
  •  LM 24 One of the two most widely used alloys for all types of castings
  •  LM 25 Suitable where good resistance to corrosion combined with high strength is required
  •  LM 28 Piston alloy with a lower coefficient of expansion than LM 13
  •  LM 29 As LM 28 but the lower coefficient of expansion
  •  LM 30 For unlined die-cast cylinder block with low expansion and excellent wear resistance
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